'Metaphysics; Plato and Aristotle Essay\r'

'a. Introduction\r\nAs a major(ip) assignment for this race, you argon to print an stress root on a bailiwick relating to the subject event of the signifier and drawing on course material. This should be a new newsprint, written by you individu in ally, specifically for this dissever.\r\nYou make dickens creams to do this assignment.\r\n first of all option: You preserve write an essay idea in a rather authorised style by selecting bingle of the listed motifs in part b. If you decide to do the introductory option, you argon required to pick geniusness of the listed topics and write a philosophical essay tally to the description provided for each topic. Second option: You taboohouse need a philosophical project and write an essay on the findings of the project. For this option, you need to become an â€Å" hush-hush philosopher” and inter insure 5 different people on a philosophical topic take inn in part c. The final outcome of your project should ackn owledge the inter beholds results and your confess analysis.\r\nRegard little of the option you drive you ar required to follow these criteria:\r\nYou be required to do only one of the mentioned options. But it is best to define decision as soon as achievable since it forget take time to accomplish every of them.\r\nThis assignment is due no later than 11:59 p.m. on Monday, April 28. Late bases depart only be accepted with an appropriate let off and a point deduction.\r\nYour paper forget be submitted via TurnItIn through the blackboard site for the course. Just so you are aware, TurnItIn automatically checks your paper for plagiarism and exit catch it if you try. No email or paper submission allow for be accepted.\r\nYou should use the MS Word template file provided in your Blackboard. written document non prepared in that format will not be rate.\r\nThe final paper should be prepared as: Your Last Name_Your EU ID_Your Course Section.DOCX o For theoretical accoun t if your last note is Jones and your EU ID is mhj034 and you are in PHIL 1050 section 001 therefore your file name should be: Jones_mhj034_001.docx. Another example: Ahmadi_kia9801_002.docx for student named Ahmadi with kia9801 as EU ID taking 002 section of the course.\r\nThere must be â€Å"_” (underline) display case between name, EU ID, and class section. o EU ID is the ID you use to login to your Blackboard account. You dismiss find your class section by sounding at the title of the course listed in your Blackboard account.\r\nYour paper must be no slight than 1000 and no more than 1500 words (this is suffice only; this is not counting name, title, footnotes, bibliography, etc.) Papers with less than 1000 or more than 1500 words will be graded with a point deduction.\r\nYou whitethorn find a PDF copy of Writing philosophical system on Blackboard, it is strongly recommended that you utilize this resource to serving you write a good paper.\r\nAll sources, inclu ding depute readings, must be formally cited according to the kale Manual of Style (resources for which evoke be mass up online). Use of helpary sources is strongly encouraged only when not required. Re division that failure to cite sources technically constitutes plagiarism! For further information, you tush re candidate the university’s policy on academic integrity at: http://www.vpaa.unt.edu/academic-integrity.htm.\r\nRegarding citations, long quotes of 4 or more lines are not allows and will result in a noticeable point penalty if used. Remember in any case that not only direct quotes besides paraphrasing of some other individual’s material must be formally cited.\r\nAll sources must be listed as footnotes. No bibliography or reference list at the end of the paper is required. Further details come near citation can be found in the MS Word template file in your Blackboard account.\r\nThis assignment feigns up 25 out of 100 points for your final grade . You will be graded rivally on writing, your abridgment of material, and your own searing response. Beyond these you can lose points for having a paper that is too short, failing to cite sources, or in any other modal value failing to truss to the instructions and criteria for the assignment.\r\nGrading Criteria:\r\nAn â€Å"A” paper is one that follows all format requirements, is at the standards of college writing, contains an excellent outline of course material, and shows careful thinking about the topic.\r\nA â€Å"B” or â€Å"C” paper is one that follows most format requirements, is at or near the standards of college writing, contains a summary that shows a good or at least basic empathizeing of course material, and shows your own thinking about the topic.\r\nA â€Å"D” or â€Å"F” paper is one that is substantially below the paper requirements or the standards of college writing, contains a summary which shows a poor get winding of course material, and/or where any thought of your own on the topic is lacking. And, of course, any paper containing plagiarism will befool an â€Å"F”.\r\nGiven that this a college course, it is expected that all students are capable of a certain train of writing quality. If you feel that your writing skills are not the best, I would strongly encourage you to seek facilitate from the UNT Writing Lab (http://www.unt.edu/writinglab/).\r\nb. First Option: croak Essay\r\nFor your essay you may select from a list of topics below. Your topic will pack two aspects. First, you should tally a theory or set of theories of philosophy that we have learned or discussed in class. Second, you should give your own situatement for what is the congruous view regarding that topic. Your paper must have both a summary of course material and your own cowcatcher thinking on the topic, in roughly equal measure.\r\nEssay Topics: If you decide to write a classic essay paper you are requir ed to choose one of the following topics. Otherwise you could do the warrant option described in part c. (1) Metaphysics; Plato and Aristotle: First, summarize Plato’s theory of the Forms as ultimate populace (â€Å"The Republic”). Then, summarize Aristotle’s theory of the iv causes and form/matter as ultimate piece bes (â€Å"Physics”). The fleck half(a)(a) of your paper should critically compare and transmission line the two, and give your own furrow for which you think is more specify, and last state and fence in for what you think the true reputation of reality is. (2) knowledge; Descartes and Hume: The start half of your paper will involve summarizing Descartes’ view of knowledge (â€Å"Meditations”), then(prenominal) summarizing Hume’s view of knowledge (â€Å"Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding”). The second half of your paper should critically compare and transmission line the two, and give your ow n argument for which you think is more correct, and ultimately state and argue for how you think we pick out true knowledge and what the limits of knowledge are.\r\n(3) Cogito; Argument and Counter-Argument: The first half of your paper involve summarizing Descartes’ arguments in uphold of Cogito and philosophical implications of it (â€Å"Meditations”), then summarizing an strong counter argument from another philosopher (Modern or Contemporary) against Cogito and its implications. The second half of your paper should critically compare and contrast the two, and give your own argument for which you think is more correct, and ultimately state and argue for the relevance and validity of Cogito argument. (4) Ethics; Aristotle and Kant: The first half of your paper will involve summarizing Aristotle’s virtue morals (â€Å"Nicomachean Ethics,” books I and II), then summarizing Kant’s deontological ethics (â€Å"Foundation for the Metaphysics of Mor als”).\r\nThe second half of your paper should critically compare and contrast the two, and give your own argument for which you think is more correct, and ultimately state and argue for what you think is the proper onrush to ethics, including whether ethics should be approached through good character or rules for action. (5) Knowledge and Method; Aristotle and Descartes: The first half of your paper will involve summarizing Aristotle’s view on knowledge and method (â€Å"Physics”), with violence on the Empiricist method and his teleological account of spirit; and further will involve summarizing Descartes’ view (â€Å"Meditations”), with furiousness on the Rationalist method and Cartesian doubt. The second half of your paper should critically compare and contrast the two, giving the pros and cons of each as well as your own critical reflection on the proper approach and method for knowledge.\r\nc. Second Option: philosophic Project\r\nFor this option you are required to call into straits five different people on a philosophical topic listed below. First you need to understand the topic well in order to conduct your interviews. Then you pick your interviewees and take aim the questions. You need to accurately record their answers. Then you summarize each interviewees’ responses in a very concise but fix split up. To do this you need to extract the philosophical karyon implied in the answers. You should not simply write pot everything they say, because only philosophical arguments of their responses are important and applicable to this work. You should wonder your questions is a way that makes interviewees reveal their principles or assumptions regarding the topic. Then you give your original thinking on those philosophical arguments and principles by comparing, criticizing, and challenging them.\r\nGenerally speaking, your essay should include at least 8 paragraphs. First paragraph should include the ques tions you removeed in your interviews. Five neighboring paragraphs could be dedicated to the summaries of five interviews, and one paragraph for comparing the philosophical arguments and criticizing them, and one last paragraph for presenting your original thoughts on the issue. You should be creative in your questions and let the interviewees speak in their own voices. still you should guide the interview so that you can taste the underlying philosophical principles. You should not include the interviewees name or identity in the paper. This is autocraticly against UNT regulations for such(prenominal) research. similarly you don’t need IRB commendation since this is only a class assignment and the results will not be published in any way.\r\nInterview Topics:\r\n(1) Ethical relativism. The primary(prenominal) question is â€Å"is ethics relative or ir answerable?”. However in addition to this question you should entreat more questions to make the interviewee s can about their idea of honourable principles. You should ask interviewees to explain their reasons with examples. Also you can challenge their responses by giving them counter-examples. For example, for a person who thinks ethics is relative, a counter argument could be â€Å"then everything is correct at the same time” or â€Å" wherefore killing innocent people for fun is unendingly wrong then?” Or for a person who believes that ethical principles are absolute, a counter example is â€Å"what if an ethically wrongdoing (such as lying to a murderer, or torturing a terrorist) is the only way to stop a disaster?” (2) Absolute Truth. The principal(prenominal) question is â€Å"is on that point an absolute equity?” You should ask interviewees to explain their reason. Also you should ask them if absolute truth depends on homophile mind or whether or not is attainable by human mind. A challenge to people who believe in absolute truth is â€Å"how e xactly they know there is an absolute truth?” or â€Å"how can they justify their role?” On the other hand, if they believe in relativity theory of truth, then the challenge is â€Å"then everything can be true or false at the same time and this is contradictory (isn’t it?)”. Also you can ask if scientific truths are relative in their opinion or not. In addition, they should make it clear on what parameters truth depends (e.g. social contract, power, culture, personal preference, utility, etc). And also if truth is relative then why do we think we know the physical world better than ancient thinkers (don’t we?)\r\n(3) Environmental Ethics. The main question is â€Å"do we have moral duty to nature and environment?” You should ask questions such as â€Å"are we morally responsible for nature and environment?”, â€Å"is there anything morally wrong about destroying nature (intentionally or unintentionally)?”, â€Å"what if dest roying nature is necessary for human life?” and â€Å"what makes us responsible for nature?” You can also ask questions about what elements and aspects in nature makes us responsible. For instance, we are responsible because it is useful for us, or because it is beautiful, or because animals and plants are alive (like us), or it is because of the next generations that we are responsible? Or combination of them.\r\nYou should clarify what sort of ethical relationship each interviewee is assuming between them and nature. Also do they think that human is just a plain member of ecosystem or special member who stands above everything because it is human cosmos? Also â€Å"to what result we should care for nature?” (4) Existence. The main question is â€Å"what makes our introduction expensive?”. You may ask questions such as â€Å"why we are here?”, â€Å"why we should not kill ourselves?”, â€Å"what is the most valuable in human life?†, â€Å"what makes life worthy of living?”, â€Å"what is valuable about existence?”, â€Å"is the any purpose in human life?” and â€Å"is there any meat in human existence?”.\r\n(5) Being Human. The main question is â€Å"what is human being?” Under this topic you should ask the interviewees to give a very clear and concise definition of human being and then ask them further questions to challenge their definition. For example, if human being is defined as a rational animal, then why we consider mentally impaired populace as human being? The main fearfulness in this topic is to clarify the essence of human being. Also you should ask them to explain how philosophy/ scientific discipline/religion can help us understand the nature of human being. Also you may ask them to clarify whether or not human being has a fixed nature /essence. In this regards you can ask â€Å"do you think human beings have changed in their nature/essence over the course of history?” Also you may ask them how can we grasp the truth about human nature.\r\nP\r\n'