Utilizing Qr Code Technology for Emr.

Utilizing QR compute engineering In encode persevering analysis angle of inclination 2012 Utilizing QR grave applied science In Encoding enduring thick key Fatima Alsaleh and Samir Elmasri PhD College of Computer and learning Systems, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia Abstract In situations corresponding extremity, where the immediately gained, summarized and right study may radic wholey make the difference between support and death, the need for a theme that fulfills this contendment arises. issuance of solutions was previously proposed including indispensability panel and languish tease, but each has number of cons and pros.With the rapid acceptation of smartphones, QR codifications ( alert Response) is the ideal substitute for the original circumstances. It stack be advantageously interpret by the paramedics, whether they atomic number 18 aesculapian checkup professionals or bystanders and pass on immediate, unblemished, reli qualified evincein g that radically impact an exclusives support, in upshot of tinge. This sensitives base discusses the advantageous example of the QR code and smartphone revolutionary technology in the medical field. It too discusses archeozoic(a) uses of QR code, in some related palm where it can be well(p) the most. rapscallion 1 Utilizing QR scratch engine inhabit In Encoding Patient compend incline 2012 Introduction Accidents happen all the time all around the world. A continuous take in by the governments and non-profit associations has been accomplished to propose and shoot the breeze policies and procedures that best decrease the number of accidents and control their tragic consequences. On the other(a)wise hand, an increasing number of researches and tested method actingologies make believe been conducted in the past some historic period, specifically in the field of catch, to best control the damages.The main revolve around was to summaries the most heavy and faultfinding medical entropy about an individual in an in a portable means and ensure a quick retrieval of these data in a secure manner. The early attempt to compliance with the quick, secure and summarized vex to an individuals critical medical in yearation was by apply tinge control panels. Some Health providers companies provide their uncomplainings with an emergency card that has some learning extracted from the affected office staff outline name. This card has rescue lives as its the guide that could second the get-go aiders or emergency stave to act accurately in a timely manner.The means, however, evolved over years to cope with the technology revolution and benefit the most of it. Encoding the tolerants EMR in smart card is a methodology that has been rapidly followed by numerous EMR companies and healthc ar providers. A part of the medical record of both persevering is a digest known as a Patient summary number or Problem abridgment discover. This paper proposes a method that could benefit from the ii aforementioned important concepts. The method introduces the use of the Quick Response (QR) technology in the patients Emergency card.Related pass Some health providers provide their patients with an Emergency panel that unremarkably has the rattling medical information that could make the difference between life and death, usually known as Patient summary listen (part of the Electronic medical character). The list should include the patients ID, medical history of Arthritis, Hypertension, Cancer, Diabetes, center of attention Disease, etcetera any operative and invasive procedure, any adverse and sensitized drug reactiveness, present medications 12. The natural medium to record the patients medical information is the papers.Even though papers rent advantages of being low in live, visible(prenominal) and portable, problems raised imputable to the de centralize nature of the paper-establish medical records, difficu lties paginate 2 Utilizing QR formula Technology In Encoding Patient heavyset List 2012 in data storage and retrieval, threat of being damaged or lost, etc. Consequently, the concept of Electronic medical examination Record has been introduced to overcome these issues. Examples of early electronic systems include Computer- investment companyd Ambulatory Record (COSTAR), Health Evaluation with Logical Processing (HELP), and Multiphase Health Testing System (MHTS) 3. hurt Card is the perfect media that can be use as a health card due to its small size, secure, capability of digitizing a huge join of mortalal and medical data 4. Some attempts take in been done by researchers to develop a personal portable healthc be record smart cards and a corresponding framework to simplify maintenance and expatriation of patient records 9. researchers in the U. K. keep up created MyCare, a smart card with a fold-out USB plug that can hold a patients medical history. MyCare was developed with open source that enables it to run on divergent computers and in operation(p) systems.Data is protected through PINs and encryption, with a higher level of encryption mean for further stages in the development process 56. These smart card projects work better in countries with nationalized health care. In the US For example, competition among infirmarys is a barrier to a smart card system 5. Smart card technology was not widely spread due to lack of standards (Dash, 2001) the communication theory between a smart card and smart card indorser. The cards besides need to be modifyd constantly which would be hard to enforce 10.For smart cards, user mobility is only possible if ein truth machine that the user access has a smart card reader attached. The machine essential support the same standard smart card reader interfaces or use the same proprietary smart card reader 11. Research Statement Due to the barriers of smart cards usage including, the high cost value, the unnec essary imposed security and the need for a special card reader, the smart emergency card solution may not be the best solution. The proposed method is the use of Quick Response (QR) codes to hold the patients critical medical information.The solution overcomes the expense, unavailability and communication issues of the smart card, by the accompaniment that QR is inexpensive technology that doesnt need a special reader, it needs bundle that could be installed freely on any smart phone. This ensures the quick insofar accurate and responsive aid provided to unresponsive individual in crusade of emergency. The solution should also be apply as a insurance coverage tool. It can be embedded into a smart phone masking developed to be used for coverage accidents. This may overcome the issues of Page 3Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 account accidents by using the QR technology as an accurate, unique and impress reporting tool. Background Quick Re sponse (QR) codes are type of two dimensional barcodes. Its a technique that was first invented by Denso-Wave, a subordinate of Toyota Group that was firstly designed to track the vehicles parts manufacturing process, and since past it has enceinte rapidly. In Recent years it has been utilized to work as a marketing tool to advertise for products, sites, brands, etc. common fig1 QR codes structure 16 QR Code can store up to 7089 numeric characters, 4296 alphanumeric characters or 2953 bytes (8-bit binary). They are capable of storing different types of data text, vCards, pictures, URLs, Videos, etc. The stored data is extracted in a readable form through QR readers that are usually smartphone low-keyware, or dedicate QR reading devices. Number of QR code scanner applications is available for Apple, BlackBerry and Android smartphones, mostly for free. erstwhile installed, it uses the phones embedded camera to scan the code and decode it instantly. Page 4Utilizing QR Code Techno logy In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 Proposed origin The idea behind this paper is very easy to grasp. The aim is to have a mechanism that provide the first aiders to know what require to be known, at the right time, with the easiest possible means. For unresponsive person, or in fictitious character if an individual was unable to speak and give vital information, it is important to have some sort of easy to overprotect yet authenticated and accurate medical summary that can be available at anytime, anywhere. In some cases, it makes the difference between life and death.Patient Summary List The to a greater extent(prenominal) we know the better we act and response. In medicine, to know the patients historical and current medical characterise is as a good deal important as the action to be taken on the case. Delaying a treatment or prescribing a wrong medication or one that conflicts with the patients medical condition could be dangerous and skill end up deadly. From th is point, the importance of the Patient Summary List arises. The Patient Summary List is a summarized accessible list of the patients significant medical information.The summary should contain as much information as possible to assist medics and other first responders in case of emergency. The information may include the following categories, though, some entries mogul be optional. Each entry has to be timestamped 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Patients information age, sex, marital status, weight, height and ocellus type. Hospital-related information name, ID, address, phone number, medical record, hospitals name. Emergency contacts. Allergies/Adverse Allergic drug Reactions.Significant medical describes and conditions Cancer, Diabetes, High Blood Pressure, subject matter Disease, Angina, Pacemaker, Stroke, Circulation Problem, Arthritis, infectious disease (TB/Hepatitis/MRSA), Osteoporosis / osteopenia, Lung problems, Seizures, acute anterior poliomyelitis / post-polio, Urinary incontinence, Depression, HIV positive, Pregnancy condition, Wearing Contact Lenses, Smoker or not. 6. Significant surgical/invasive procedures. Page 5 Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 7. 8. Medication/Vitamins/Supplements names, doses, oftenness and rout for each.Education Language spoken, Barriers to learning (blind/deaf/etc) 12. medical exam Records are created by the medical institutes for every individual assessed or treated. Consequently, the Patients Summary List should be derived from the patients Medical Record. The Summary List must be prepared by the Hospital of which the patient is having his treatment to ensure the legibility, completeness and authentication 13. Its also important to have the list updated whenever there is a revision in medication, diagnose or allergies and also whenever a procedure is performed.Why QR Codes? Some medical institutes flow to provide their patients with a Summary List printed on a paper (or card) or coded in a sm art card. Both substances have number of cons and pros. The usage of printed Summary List in a paper is condition of damage. Especially ICE (In Case of Emergency), it can slow burn, get wet or shredded into pieces and loss its value. The use of cards capability be a safer choice, but its impossible to have it small adequacy to fit in someones wallet and yet have it containing all needed information about the persons medical condition.The use of smart cards on the other hand, might be the best solution comparing with the other available means since they are safer, have a larger capacity, easily to carry along and can be unploughed up t date without the need to issue rude(a) ones. However, they need special readers to read them that are usually unavailable for the first aiders ICE. Besides, smart cards are costly to issue and maintain. QR codes quickness, availability, widely spread and low cost might lead it to be a very good choice to convert the Patients Summary List.It over comes the issues encountered in other means, and they can be utilized to dish up other purposes that will be discussed later in this paper. With the advantages of the QR codes usage has been examined and assessed, we are ready to discuss the proposed procedure and a suggested standard ? The list should be captured and stored in a standard encoding system to support data sharing, analysis and provide a more functional and accurate way Page 6 Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 o retrieve the required information. The standard of the Summary List has to be proposed and admitted by the Ministry of Health. ? Administration and maintenance of the Summary List is important. Healthcare providers are responsible of issuing a Summary List of each patients EMR. They are also responsible for encoding it in a QR code. ? ? The issued QR codes should be printed on wallet-sized cards and submitted to patients. The QR card should be on the medical card (printed rig ht on the back of the card on printed on a sticker on the same card).The medical card (with QR code at back of it) has to be kept right next to the effort license in someones wallet. This is critical to have the first responders make use of this method. ? The Summary List has to be updated by the issuer upon any significant kind in the patients medications or health condition. Further, if the patient was examined by a hospital other that the one issuing the code, its the responsibility of the patient to update the QR code with the new medical information harmonize to the hospitals report. stack have to be improve by spreading the QR concept and the role its playing in rescuing individuals ICE. The paramedics (emergency staff) on the other hand have to have the dedicated QR code readers or having the scanning software installed on their smartphones. Having these standards stated out, the QR code usage can be efficiently utilized and beneficial. If individuals were educated and a ware about saving someones life using the proposed method, the number of errors that might be encountered will decrease rapidly.In contrary with the other possible means, QR codes do not require a special reader or password authentication or a computer to be read, which make them accessible whenever needed. In addition, bar codes are proven technology that can be used in health care, where little room for error exists. Page 7 Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 Possible Scenario The following scenario is summarized in Fig 4 below, a possible QR utilization scenario 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. An accident happens to an individual carrying a QR code card.The first responder (emergency professional or bystander) check the give persons wallet and find the QR code. The code is scanned by the rescuers Smartphones QR reader. The summary list with all significant medical information is displayed. The rescuer provides the first aids according to the infected persons medic al status, whether he/she has a Diabetes, High Blood Pressure, Heart Disease, etc, and call the emergency. 6. The emergency professionals should take the proper, most accurate action based on the extracted medical status. This can make the difference between life and death.Other actions can also be taken by the rescuer like for example sending the QR code through a Smartphones software (detailed in Other Medical-Related QR Uses section below). Fig2 QR code workflow in case of emergency Page 8 Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 QR Coded Patient Summary List Update As stated above, the providers should update the patients summary list whenever there is a change in diagnosis, medications, or allergies to medications and whenever a procedure is performed. The Patient Summary List is derived from the patients Electronic Medical/Health Record 17.The summary list contains specific attributes extracted from the medical record. Having these attributes labeled in the electronic medical record will ease the process of extracting and updating the Patient Summary List attributes values. So, the system should trigger an update on the patients list whenever a change in the labeled attributes. Fig3 QR code workflow in case of emergency 17 How to Update QR Codes? thither are two main types of QR codes static and dynamic. Static QR codes joins are static, cannot be edited or updated, whereas the dynamic QR codes means can be easily updated.Also, unlike the static QR codes, it does not require generating new QR code. The exact printed QR can be used that leads to the updated contents. When the QR codes are used to encode the Patient Summary List, a frequent content update will be needed. Accordingly three main QR forms are proposed Page 9 Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 1. Using a static QR codes with a static summary list that needs to be re-printer upon each record change. In this case, the provider may pr int the codes on stickers and remove the old ones once the new ones are issued.This might be more cost useful than re-printing the patient card with the new QR code on the back. 2. Instead of having QR codes printed out, a soft copy of the QR code can be generated and loaded into an individuals mobile. This is also effective in cost-wise, but it might be not so practical in case of an emergency. The rescuer may not be able to locate the QR code image in the mobile of an unconscious person, or the mobile is locked with a pin or its out of battery, etc. Though it is easy to maintain and lightens the cost of reprinting the code upon a record change. . Using the dynamic QR codes that have a dynamic content with an editable, editable content using the same printed code. Further, some QR code generator companies (like SQUARE) provide a track service and statics of how many devices scanned the code, where, scanner device type, etc. Having this concept applied on the medical health field considered very practical. In view thereof, dynamic QR codes are the best utilization due its cost saving, efficiency and easy to maintain. However, since this kind of codes requires a wireless connection, it might be limited.Though, its not a huge barrier in todays networked world. Fig4 QR Update trigger scenario. Page 10 Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 modify QR code procedure Each step in the above scenario numeral (Fig 4) is described as follows A patient visits the hospital (1), and a change in one of the stated record attributes (2) (change in diagnosis, medications, or allergies to medications and whenever a procedure is performed. ) has been encountered. So the updated patient record should trigger a times of an updated summary list (3).Accordingly, new updated QR code/QR content has to be issued (4), and a notification sent to the patient with this update. ? ? If the static QR code form is able by the hospital, then the notification s hould instruct the patient to pick up the updated QR code card/sticker (4. 1). If the soft copied QR code form is adapted, then the notification should instruct the patient to download the latest QR code (either from the hospitals site after the patient login or sent for the patient email) (4. 2). ? If the dynamic QR code form is adapted, then the codes destination contents updated upon the new summary list update (4. ). Other Medical-Related QR Uses Aside of utilizing the QR codes as an emergency guide for paramedics that provide a reliable, easy to use, quick access to an individuals Medical Summary List, QR codes can be used in other fields as well, as detailed in this section. The QR codes can be used as a reporting tool. By having an Emergency reporting job other that the unified number, a software application installed on the smartphones, QR can be used as follows ? ? Using the smartphones camera, the QR code of the affected person is scanned through the Emergency software ap plication.The software should display the encoded information, and a reporting option should also be available (say, a button). Page 11 Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 ? ? ? Upon pressing the button, the software should send the patient information to the emergency part along with the reporting location coordinates. The reporter information may also send (the reporter phone number can be easily gained from the users phone). To capitalize the benefits, the reporting tool can play a complementary color role of a clouded EMR system that is made available for the centralized Emergency unit.If this the case then a link to the QR holders EMR could be also implicitly embedded and can be easily gain access to be the authorized Emergency staff. Having such system will not only provide a fast, accurate and reliable accident reporting tool, but itll also help in reducing the redundancy encountered when reporting accidents and emergencies. Another usage of the QR code can be as portable, summarized EHR. guardianship a personal health record encoded in a QR with you when see a pay off that is not necessarily a staff subdivision of the hospital where your Medical Record is kept is very helpful.Itll provide the doctor a sufficient answer when the he asks what medications are you taking? Itll save time, effort and the cost of running lab tests and radio-imaging for checking the accurate medical condition since they are encoded in the QR code, summarized, reliable and up to date. Another use could be on some other direction, by the police department. When someone is kept under custody, it would be helpful to avoid unexpected situations can be experienced with the kept person such as infectious diseases, heart diseases, high blood pressure, etc.Knowing such medical information is as much needful as keeping the person in prison, since it help in saving the lives inside the prison (life of the prisoners) and out (keeping the offender in custody). conclusion We may not be able to stop the accidents from happening, but we are able and responsible to cut the losses and control their tragic consequences as much as we can. The practical knowledge of the medical workers coupled with the knowledge and expertise of the technology experts and developers can result technology-utilized solutions to everyday.In this Page 12 Utilizing QR Code Technology In Encoding Patient Summary List 2012 respect, solutions were proposed, researches were conducted and regulations were imposed, every day to best achieve this goal. This paper proposes a practical, non-cost affective, timely solution that can best utilize the widely spread technology QR to help saving lives. This solution can be utilized even more to be a complementary tool for the currently function, or proposed, emergency systems. References 1 http//westhoustonmedctr. ehc. com/CPM/Patient%20Summary%20List. df accessed 9 marching music 2012 2 http//www. urology-partners. co m/Forms/MEDICAL_HISTORY. pdf accessed 9 March 2012 3 Lowe, H. 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