Thursday, August 29, 2019
ASQ Agile v Waterfall Essay
Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Lisa Sieverts, PMP, PMI-ACP Phil Ailes, PMI-ACP Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Agenda â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ What is a Project Overview ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Traditional Project Management ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Agile Project Management The Differences ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Product Life Cycle ââ¬ââ⬠¯ The Teams ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Requirements ââ¬ââ⬠¯ WBS/Product Backlog ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Schedule ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Risk ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Quality Q&A 2 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 1 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management What is a Project? â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Temporary â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Goal â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Constrained 3 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management What makes projects special? â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Projects are characterized by uncertainty 4 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 2 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Traditional Waterfall Projects â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Traditional Waterfall Projects ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Dates from the end of WWII ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Grew out of Defense industry ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Based on Deming Cycle of Plan-Do-Check-Act ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Emphasizes heavy up-front analysis ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Lots of documentation ââ¬ââ⬠¯ PMBOK versions 1-4 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Traditional Waterfall Project High Medium Requirements Low Optional High Design Medium Low Optional High Development Medium Low Optional High Testing Medium Low Optional High Deploy Medium Low Optional 6 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 3 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Waterfall ââ¬â Advantages 7 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Waterfall ââ¬â Advantages â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Established Processes- Project Management Body of Knowledge â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Management Controls â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ (Apparent) Predictability â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Great for low uncertainty/high dependency projects ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Construction ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Update of established product ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Maintenance projects 8 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 4 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Waterfall ââ¬â Disadvantages 9 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Waterfall ââ¬â Disadvantages â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Sometimes is more about the Process than the Product â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Keeps the customer at bay ââ¬â by the time they see the end results it may be too late â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Project teams often become rigid and resistant to change: ââ¬Å"Those darn users keep changing their minds.â⬠â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Long product development time 10 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 5 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Agile Project Management â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ The Agile Way ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Experiments in the 1990s ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Values self-organizing teams ââ¬ââ⬠¯ No formal ââ¬Å"project managementâ⬠ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Iterative approach ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Flexible à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Manifesto â⬠¢ The Agile Manifesto for Software Development ââ¬ââ⬠¯ ââ¬Å"We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value: â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Individuals and interactions over processes and tools â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Working software over comprehensive documentation â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Customer collaboration over contract negotiation â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Responding to change over following a plan ââ¬ââ⬠¯ That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.â⬠12 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 6 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management The Agile Way Sprints ââ¬â High Priority Features Integrate Test Sprints ââ¬â Low Priority Features Integrate Test Integrate Test Design Test Test Develop Integrate Test Demo & Feedback Develop Requirements Test Test Develop Sprints ââ¬â Optional Priority Features Demo & Feedback Requirements Design Test Design Test Demo & Feedback Develop Requirements Test Demo & Feedback Requirements Design Test Sprints ââ¬â Medium Priority Features 13 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Agile ââ¬â Advantages 14 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 7 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Agile ââ¬â Advantages â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Shorter development cycles â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Customer participates, providing direct feedback â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Team-ownership ââ¬â developers, testers, analysts and customers work together â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Process encourages and easily adapts to change â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Improved quality because testing is continuous 15 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Agile ââ¬â Disadvantages 16 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 8 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Agile ââ¬â Disadvantages â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Lack of established processes â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Management resistance to change â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Reduced (apparent) predictability â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Requires culture change â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Itââ¬â¢s new ââ¬â there isnââ¬â¢t a lot to draw upon 17 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Project Life Cycle â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Traditional: waterfall ââ¬ââ⬠¯Initiate ââ¬ââ⬠¯Plan ââ¬ââ⬠¯Define ââ¬ââ⬠¯Design ââ¬ââ⬠¯Build ââ¬ââ⬠¯Test â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Agile Projects: iterative ââ¬ââ⬠¯Envision ââ¬ââ⬠¯Speculate ââ¬ââ⬠¯Explore ââ¬ââ⬠¯Adapt ââ¬ââ⬠¯Close ââ¬ââ⬠¯Repeat as necessary 18 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 9 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management The Team â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Waterfall ââ¬ââ⬠¯Sponsor ââ¬ââ⬠¯Product Manager ââ¬ââ⬠¯Project Manager ââ¬ââ⬠¯The Team ââ¬â defined roles â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Agile ââ¬ââ⬠¯Sponsor ââ¬ââ⬠¯Product Owner ââ¬ââ⬠¯Scrum Master ââ¬ââ⬠¯The Team ââ¬â variable roles 19 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management The Requirements â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Waterfall ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Large Document ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Formal, based on analysis ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Performed by Business Analyst ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Completed before any development begins â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Agile ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Small Index Cards ââ¬ââ⬠¯ User Stories, based on conversation ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Performed by the Product Owner ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Completed ââ¬Å"just in timeâ⬠20 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 10 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management The Foundation Documents â⬠¢ Waterfall ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Work Breakdown Structure 100 % of Scope 21 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management The Foundation Documents â⬠¢ Agile ââ¬ââ⬠¯ The Product Backlog Roman Pichler, Agile Product Management 22 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 11 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management The Schedule â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Waterfall ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Built before work begins ââ¬ââ⬠¯ End date is often â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Agile ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Rebuilt every sprint ââ¬ââ⬠¯ End date evolves based on team velocity ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Focused on nearterm accuracy ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Emphasizes regular delivery of working features predetermined ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Strives to predict the future ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Emphasizes delivery of the entire product 23 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Risk â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Waterfall ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Inherently high-risk based on long product cycles ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Emphasizes the ability to predict the future ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Risk Register â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Agile ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Inherently low-risk based on customer feedback ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Emphasizes adaptation to changing environment ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Risk Register 24 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 12 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Quality â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Waterfall ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Testing is at the end â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Agile ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Testing begins before development of the project ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Testers work separately from developers ââ¬ââ⬠¯ User Acceptance occurs at the end of the project ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Testers and developers work together simultaneously ââ¬ââ⬠¯ User Acceptance occurs at end of every sprint 25 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Whatââ¬â¢s Different? â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Waterfall ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Plan all in advance ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Work Breakdown Structure ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Functional specs ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Gantt chart ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Status reports ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Deliver at the end ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Learn at the end ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Follow the plan ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Manage tasks â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Agile ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Plan as you go ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Product Backlog ââ¬ââ⬠¯ User stories ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Release plan ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Story boards ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Deliver as you go ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Learn every sprint ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Adapt everything ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Team ownership 26 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 13 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Summary â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Both Waterfall and Agile have the same goals: ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Delivering a well- tested product that satisfies the customer within an efficient time frame that doesnââ¬â¢t leave the team worn out 27 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Questions 28 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 14 Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Thank You 29 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes Waterfall vs. Agile Project Management Contact Us â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Lisa Sieverts ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Facilitated Change ââ¬ââ⬠¯ www.lisasieverts.com ââ¬ââ⬠¯ 603.762.0235 â⬠¢Ã¢â¬ ¯ Phil Ailes ââ¬ââ⬠¯ Ailes Consulting ââ¬ââ⬠¯ www.ailes-consulting.com ââ¬ââ⬠¯ 603.903.7051 30 à ©Lisa Sieverts & Phil Ailes 15
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